# A Rescuer > Learn Basic Medical Fire Rescue Life Saving Tips & Techniques with Tools to Save Life | A Rescuer ## Posts - [Shoring Methods: Types, Construction, and Rescue Applications](https://arescuer.com/shoring-methods/): Jump to Heading Toggle What is Shoring and Its Methods?Why Shoring Matters in Rescue OperationsKey Factors That Influence Shoring Method SelectionTypes of Shoring Methods ExplainedVertical ShoringWindow and Door ShoreT-Spot ShoreRaker ShoreLaced Post ShoreHorizontal ShoreShoring Components and Their FunctionsShoring in Excavation: Methods and RulesBuilding a Vertical Shore: Step-by-Step How-ToConstructing a Window/Door Shore: Step-by-Step GuideShoring Team Roles and ResponsibilitiesCommon Tools and Equipment for ShoringPro Tips for Safer and Stronger ShoresTraining and Safety Guidelines for Shoring CrewsFAQsWhat is the most common type of shoring?What are the three types of shores?Is shoring necessary in every collapse?Can you improvise shoring materials?How does excavation shoring differ ... Read more - [How to Use Electric Heater at Home With Safety & Rules Guide](https://arescuer.com/how-to-use-electric-heater-at-home-with-safety/): As the cold months approach, many families rely on electric heaters to keep warm. But while these appliances offer comfort, they can also pose serious safety risks if not used correctly. Learning how to use electric heater at home with safety is not just smart it could save lives. Every winter, thousands of fires, burns, and electrical shocks are reported due to improper heater usage. To ensure your home stays warm and safe, you must follow expert-approved safety guidelines, understand how these heaters work, and be aware of common hazards. Let’s explore everything you need to know for secure, efficient ... Read more - [Rescue 1122 Jobs 2025 CTS Apply Online](https://arescuer.com/rescue-1122-jobs/): Punjab Emergency Service Rescue 1122 is an emergency and rescue service that provides ambulance services, and search, and rescue operations in the Province of Punjab, Pakistan. The department was established to provide safe life to people. It works under the umbrella of PEMRA (Punjab Emergency Management Regulatory Authority). Rescue 1122 Jobs 2025 Apply online Motorbike Ambulance of Rescue 1122 is a Punjab-based organization that – depending on your point of view – gets either the underserved or well-deserved credit for inventing and popularizing the use of motorcycle couriers as an arm to ambulance services. It is vital on the first ... Read more - [CSSR Safety Rules, Hazards, Officer Roles & Rescue Plan Guide](https://arescuer.com/cssr-safety-rules/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: List at least five dangers a rescuer faces in a CSSR operation. Identify unsafe actions and unsafe conditions. Identify the CSSR Course safety rules. List at least three safety concerns for each phase of a CSSR operation. Describe the function and importance of having a Safety Officer in a CSSR squad and enumerate various categories of Safety Officer. Identify the four parts of a CSSR safety plan and briefly describe each one. escribe the purpose of the Safety Briefing and list its eight components. 1. Safety in a CSSR ... Read more - [Multiple Casualty Incidents: ICS, EMS, START Triage Explained](https://arescuer.com/multiple-casualty-incidents-triage/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define Incident Command System. List the five functions of the EMS sector of the Incident Command System. Define triage. List the four categories of triage with their associated colours and briefly explain each category. List the three benchmarks of the START system of triage. Correctly triage a simulated multiple casualty incident. 1. Incident Command System (ICS) Definition: A flexible system for managing people and resources. One widely used plan for handling a multiple casualty incident is the Incident Command System. It provides a framework for all types of incidents. ... Read more - [Fire Hoses History Types Specifications Storage Care & Maintenance](https://arescuer.com/fire-hoses/): The objectives of this lesson are as under: History of hose. Define hose (Normal called Water Pipe). Describe types and specification of hoses and their couplings. Describe the method of storage of delivery hose. Characteristics of a good hose. Describe the causes of hose damage. Describe care and maintenance of hose. The Fire Hose Direct Main process Demonstrate Hose drills. 1. History of Hose: The first Hose used was made of leather. It was made only in short lengths owing to its great weight, and this added to the fact it had to be periodically greased to keep it pliable, made ... Read more - [Fire Fighting Tools Equipments and Accessories](https://arescuer.com/fire-fighting-tools-equipments-and-accessories/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to Define tools, equipment and accessories (TEA). List five categories of fire TEA according to their use. List and describe the use and specification of fire TEA. List general steps for use and maintenance of tools and equipment and list some tool rules. Demonstrate the correct use of TEA.   Tools Equipments and Accessories: 1.1 Tools: A tool is a device that is used to perform or facilitate manual or Mechanical work, using only the strength of the operator. Figure 1.1. Brick hammer and adjustable wrench.         ... Read more - [Fire Vehicles: Specifications, Features, and Operations](https://arescuer.com/fire-vehicles-specifications-features/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the introduction of all fire vehicles. Describe the specification of fire rescue vehicle. Describe the specification of fire truck. Demonstrate the operation of fire rescue vehicle & fire truck. Introduction of all fire vehicles in service. Fire Vehicle Water Capacity Foam Capacity Type Standard Fire Vehicle 4500 Ltr 300 Ltr PTO (Power Take Off) Rapid Fire Vehicle 3000 Ltr 300 Ltr PTO (Power Take Off) Fire Rescue Vehicle (FRV) 3300 Ltr 300 Ltr Direct Drive Fire Truck (FTR) 7000 Ltr 500 Ltr PTO (Power Take Off)   Specifications ... Read more - [Types And Uses Of Basic Knots In Rescue Operations](https://arescuer.com/knots/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List the basic knots used in rescue operations. List the types of knots according to usage. Describe Knots (Rescue Knots). Rescue Knots: There are several knots used in the rescue. These are given below Stopper knot Clove hitch Reef knot Rolling knot Slip knot Sheet bend The figure of eight on bight Round turn with two half hitches Prussic knot Loop knot Englishman loop Bow line knot or safety knot Double bow line knot Triple bow line knot Long tail bowline knot Stopper Knot: This knot is applied on ... Read more - [Lifting and Moving Patients: Techniques, Moves, and Safety Tips](https://arescuer.com/lifting-and-moving-patients/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define body mechanics and enlist basic rules to prevent injury while lifting loads. Name five examples of situations that might require you to make an emergency move with a patient. List three emergency moves and two non-emergency moves for lifting and moving a patient. Demonstrate the techniques for immobilising and transporting a patient, using a backboard. 1. Background Before providing care, a patient may need to be moved or transported. Emergency situations may require you to act quickly while maintaining the safety of both the patient and yourself. Careless ... Read more - [SCBA: Types, Usage, and Safety Tips for Firefighters](https://arescuer.com/scba/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the importance of Respiratory Protection. Elaborate the Respiratory Hazards of fire. Define respiratory equipment and its types. Describe the types of breathing apparatus. Elaborate the limitation of SCBA, physical and also psychological limitations. Describe the parts of SCBA. How to calculate the duration of air cylinder? Describe the methods of donning and demonstrate the donning doffing of SCBA Introduction Respiratory protection equipment is an essential component of the structural firefighting personal protection ensemble. A SCBA is both expensive and complicated; using one confidently requires practice. You must be ... Read more - [Lifting and Moving Loads: Levers, Cribbing & Safety Techniques](https://arescuer.com/lifting-and-moving-loads/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: List three factors that you must determine before lifting a load. List and describe three methods for lifting a load. Define a lever, its three components and the three classes of a lever. List at least three applications of the hoist. List two types of cribbing used to stabilize a load. List the five steps to build cribbing for lifting and stabilizing a load. List the steps to roll a load using pipes. Demonstrate in two practical stations the techniques for lifting, stabilizing and rolling loads. Before Lifting or ... Read more - [Well Rescue with Tripod: Definition, Parts, Procedure & Safety](https://arescuer.com/well-rescue-with-tripod/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Well Rescue with Tripod. Describe the Equipment of Tripod. List the main parts of Tripod. Describe the operational procedure of Well Rescue with Tripod. Describe the safety precautions of Well Rescue with Tripod. Definition A mechanical advantage system that is used for extricating a victim from a well or depth is called a tripod. It provides a stable and secure structure to safely lift or lower a person in confined spaces or vertical rescues. The tripod is commonly used in emergency response, industrial settings, and confined space ... Read more - [Load Management System: Rescue Techniques & Safety Measures](https://arescuer.com/load-management-system/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Load Management. List the six equipment that are used in Load Management System. Describe the procedure of the Load Management System. Describe the Safety measures of the Load Management System. Definition This technique is used to evacuate the victim from a confined space. The confined space may be located at any angle (vertical/horizontal). It consists of a mechanical advantage system with proper control and a braking system. Load management involves the systematic distribution and control of weight and force during rescue operations to ensure safe and efficient ... Read more - [Well Rescue with Ladder: Techniques, Equipment & Safety Measures](https://arescuer.com/well-rescue-with-ladder/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Well Rescue with Ladder. List the six materials and equipment which are used in Well Rescue with Ladder. Describe the rescue method of Well Rescue with Ladder. Describe the Safety measures of Well Rescue with Ladder. Definition This technique is used for victim evacuation from a well or deep confined space where access is limited. The ladder serves as a stable structure to lower and raise rescuers while ensuring safety through proper anchoring and rope systems. Materials and Equipment Used The following materials and equipment are essential ... Read more - [Ascending and Descending: Rescue Techniques, Equipment & Safety](https://arescuer.com/ascending-and-descending/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Ascending and Descending. List the nine materials and equipment that are used in Ascending and Descending. Describe the rescue methods of ascending and descending. Describe the Safety measures of Ascending and Descending. Ascending and Descending in Rescue Operations Definition The rescuer climbs up through this technique to rescue the victim from high-rise buildings. Ascending refers to the process of moving upward using specialized equipment, while Descending involves controlled downward movement, typically during rescue or evacuation operations. These techniques are crucial in high-angle rescues, confined space operations, and industrial rope access. ... Read more - [Fire Ladders | History Types Role Care & Maintenance of ladders](https://arescuer.com/fire-ladders/): About Fire Ladders: After completion of the Fire Ladders lesson, you will be able to: Define the ladder. Describe the types of ladder. Describe the types and specifications of extension ladders. Describe proper care and maintenance of the ladder. Demonstrate the appropriate use of the ladder. Introduction: Ladders are very important in Fire service & Rescue work. The fire unit is considered incomplete without Ladder. 1.1 History: Ladders are used by human beings since life appeared on the earth and with the passage of time man made it a modem and modern. So it got the shape of an escalator ... Read more - [Emergencies And Disasters: Types, Phases, Effects & Preparedness](https://arescuer.com/emergencies-and-disasters-types-phases-effects-preparedness/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define Emergencies and list its types. Define Disasters and list its phases. Describe the effects of disasters. Emergency Any situation that requires an immediate response, saving lives as lives can be at risk due to an emergency situation, i.e., road traffic accidents, hard falls, or high-impact injuries, drowning, and domestic fights. Types of emergencies Natural Emergencies Earthquakes Floods Hurricanes/Cyclones Tornadoes Wildfires Landslides Man-Made Emergencies Industrial accidents (chemical spills, explosions) Terrorist attacks Nuclear disasters Transportation accidents (plane crashes, train derailments) Civil unrest (riots, armed conflicts) Disaster Disaster can be defined ... Read more - [Rescue Knots, Rope Types, Care & Inspection Guide](https://arescuer.com/rescue-knots-types/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Rope and describe the parts of a rope List the Types of Rope Describe the Care and Maintenance of Ropes Describe the Inspection of Ropes escue Knots 1. Ropes A rope is the one essential element in the high-angle system. It is in essence a tool. As with all tools, the correct rope should be chosen to fit the job Rope is a tool that is used in emergency situations to save human lives. A length of thick strong cord made by twisting together strands of Hemp, ... Read more - [Evacuation of Casualties: Types & Methods for Rescuers](https://arescuer.com/evacuation-of-casualties/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define evacuation of casualties. List the types of evacuation of casualties. List the method of evacuation of casualties in case of one rescuer. List the method of evacuation of casualties in case of two rescuers. List the method of evacuation of casualties in case of three rescuers. Evacuation of Casualties It is very important that patients are shifted securely from the incident site to a safe place or field hospital. If there is negligence in shifting the patient, the entire treatment process may be compromised. Types of Evacuation of ... Read more - [Technical Rope Rescue: Methods, Equipment & Safety](https://arescuer.com/technical-rope-rescue/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define Rope Rescue and types of Technical Rope Rescue. List the equipment used in Rope Rescue Techniques. Describe the Rope Work and Techniques i.e. Belay Rappelling, Ascending / Descending, Hook Ladder, Basket Stretcher and Depth Rescue. Describe the important safety reminders and Dozens of Human Errors. 1. Rope Rescue Rescue in high angle and steep slope environment where the use of rope and related equipment is necessary. Rope rescue may also be called Vertical Rescue or in some cases Technical Rope Rescue. The techniques related to the extrication of ... Read more - [Water Rescue Incidents: Equipment, Techniques & Safety Zones](https://arescuer.com/water-rescue-incidents/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define Water Rescue Incidents List the equipments used in water Rescue Explain terminology used for boats and Type of Boats Describe the terminology and water flow type of rivers List the basic techniques of water rescue List the zones at operation site List the methods of communication List the types of search Describe Floods and list the Phases of Flood and it Hazards List parts of SCUBA and OBM 1. Water Rescue Incidents Any incident that takes place in or around water. As with any search and rescue (SAR) ... Read more - [Height Rescue with Basket Stretcher: Setup & Safety](https://arescuer.com/height-rescue-with-basket-stretcher/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Height Rescue with Basket Stretcher. List the seven materials and equipment which are used in Height Rescue with Basket Stretcher. Describe the setup method of Height Rescue with the Basket Stretcher. Describe the rescue method of Height Rescue with the Basket Stretcher. Describe the Safety measures of Height Rescue with a Basket Stretcher. Definition This technique is used for evacuating unconscious victims from a height. Materials and Equipment Used Stretcher Rope (50 m) Rope (30 m) Fire hooks Karabiner Sling ropes Rope Roller Setup Method Set up ... Read more - [Belay Techniques: High-Rise Rescue Methods & Safety Measures](https://arescuer.com/belay-techniques-high-rise-rescue-methods-safety-measures/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Define the Belay Techniques. List the seven materials and equipment which are used in Belay Techniques. Describe the rescue method of Belay Techniques. Describe the Safety measures of Belay Techniques. Belay Techniques for High-Rise Rescue Operations 1. Definition This technique is used for evacuating conscious victims from high-rise buildings. Belay techniques involve securing a person with ropes and specialized equipment to ensure a controlled descent from heights. It is commonly employed in emergency rescue operations, mountaineering, and industrial rope access. The belay system acts as a safety backup, allowing ... Read more - [Confined Space: Types, Hazards & Safe Entry Procedures](https://arescuer.com/confined-space-types-hazards-safe-entry-procedures/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define confined space. List the types of confined space. Describe the hazards of confined space. Define the confined space entry procedure. Confined Space A place that is narrow or closed and there is not enough route of access or egress for rescuers, and they have to face different types of hazards is called confined space. Examples: Storage tanks Sewers Underground tunnels Silos Types of Confined Space A. Required Permit for Entry A Permit-required confined space is a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: Contains or has ... Read more - [Electrical Equipment: Demolition Hammer, Rotary Drill, Grinder, Reciprocating Saw](https://arescuer.com/electrical-equipments/): OBJECTIVES Upon completing this lesson, you should be able to: List four names of electrical equipment. Describe the specification of electrical equipments. List the power sources for equipment and tools. List the general steps for maintenance of electrical equipment (before, during and after their use). Demonstrate in four practical exercises the correct use of Electrical Equipment. NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT DEMOLITION HAMMER / CHIPPING HAMMER (DEWALT) Use The Demolition Hammer / Chipping Hammer (DeWalt) is used for breaking concrete, masonry, and rock surfaces. It is ideal for heavy-duty demolition work, chiseling, and trenching in construction projects. Specification ELECTRICALLY OPERATED Model: ... Read more - [Ventilation at Fire: Types, Methods & Principles](https://arescuer.com/ventilation-at-fire/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define the ventilation. Describe the Advantages and disadvantages of ventilation. Describe the principle of ventilation. Describe the ventilation size up. Describe the types of ventilation. Ventilation: Fire service ventilation is the process of removing smoke, heat, and toxic gases from a burning building and replacing them with cooler, cleaner, more oxygen-rich air. Advantages of Ventilation: Proper ventilation assists in: To save lives and reduce property damage when ventilation is coordinated with fire attack and water. The location and rescue of victims. Enables hose teams to advance and locate the ... Read more - [Organizing and Starting a CSSR Operation](https://arescuer.com/cssr/): Organizing and Starting a CSSR Operation Define a collapsed structure search and rescue operation. Describe the structure of a CSSR squad and the positions within it. List the five phases of a CSSR operation. List the six stages of the Operations Phase. List the five steps of the initial assessment. Describe how a CSSR squad fits into the incident Command System. Name the four levels in the scope of operations as they pertain to CSSR. What is CSSR: According to the us National Fire Protection Act (NFPA 1670)’ CSSR is an Operation to conduct safe and effective Search and Rescue ... Read more - [Incident Command System And Emergency Response Levels](https://arescuer.com/incident-command-system-and-emergency-response-levels/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define Incident Command System (ICS). Describe the main sections of ICS. Describe the role of Incident Commander (Watch Manager or Officer in Charge). Describe the role of the Safety Officer. Describe three emergency response levels for fire incidents. Describe the operational duties and responsibilities of officers/officials during a major fire incident. Describe the SOPs for confined space entry. Define Sectorisation. Describe the types/modes of firefighting strategies. Describe the importance of report writing for fire incidents. 1. ICS: “A flexible system for managing people and resources.” 2. Major Management Activities/Sections ... Read more - [Electrical Winch System: Definition, Parts, Use, and Troubleshooting](https://arescuer.com/electrical-winch-system/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Define electrical winch system. Describe the specification of electrical system. List the main parts of electrical system. Demonstrate the use of electrical winch system. 1. Definition An electrical device that is used to pull or haul the objects and high boom is provided for pull from depth. Electrical Winch An electrical winch is used to pull, lift, or haul heavy objects, especially in construction, off-roading, and industrial applications. It is ideal for recovering vehicles, moving loads, or performing tasks requiring controlled pulling force from a distance or depth. Specification ... Read more - [Diesel & Portable Generators: Uses, Parts, Operation & Safety Tips](https://arescuer.com/diesel-portable-generators/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Describe the use of Diesel Generator. List the main parts of Diesel Generator. Describe and demonstrate the operational procedure of Diesel Generator. Describe the safety precaution of Diesel Generator. Describe the use of Portable Generator. List the main parts of Portable Generator. Describe and demonstrate the operational procedure of Portable Generator. Describe the safety precaution of Portable Generator. 1. Use of Diesel Generator A diesel generator is used to generate an electric power supply. 2. Main Parts of Diesel Generator Diesel engine Air filter Fuel tank Radiator Engine oil ... Read more - [Internal Combustion Equipment: Uses, Safety & Maintenance Guide](https://arescuer.com/internal-combustion-equipment/): OBJECTIVES Upon completing this lesson, you should be able to: List five names of Internal Combustion equipment. List the general steps, use of Internal Combustion equipment. List the general steps for maintenance of Internal Combustion equipment (before, during, and after their use). Describe the safety precaution of Internal Combustion equipment. Demonstrate in four practical exercises the correct use of Internal Combustion equipment. 1. NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT HYDRAULIC CUTTER AND ENGINE Use Cutting heavy-duty materials such as steel bars, rods, and pipes. Ideal for rescue operations, construction, and demolition tasks. Specification Model: LS 511 EN Cutter Weight: 18.8 Kg / ... Read more - [Fire Hydrants - Types - Design - parameters - Inspection & Maintenance](https://arescuer.com/fire-hydrants/): Objectives: Define “What is a fire hydrant”. Describe the two types of Fire Hydrants. Elaborate Fire Hydrants Design Locations installation, its parameters & Recognition. Describe the Hydrant operation. Describe the inspection and maintenance procedure of the Fire Hydrant. Demonstrate fire hydrant operation, inspection, and maintenance.   What is the fire hydrant? A Fire water hydrant system consists of a piping, distributed all around a facility with a high pressure pumping system, for the purpose to provide abundant and frequent water to firefighting. The water main is provided with a branch or T-piece to which the hydrant is attached either directly ... Read more - [Rescue Vehicle with Tools and Equipment for Emergencies](https://arescuer.com/rescue-vehicle/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define rescue vehicle. Describe the specification of the rescue vehicle. Describe the maintenance of the rescue vehicle. Describe the tools, equipment, and accessories in the rescue vehicle. 1. Rescue Vehicle 2. Specification Company: Master Type of business: Motor Firm type: Corporation Brand code: Mitsubishi Model code: Canter Engine model: 4D34 Vehicle model: FE85PG6R Generation: Third Cabin: Single Fuel tank capacity: 100 liter Vehicle power supply: 24 volt Engine idling speed: 625 to 675 rpm Speedometer: 0 to 160 km/h Tachometer: 0 to 4 x (1000 r/min) ……………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………. 2.1 ... Read more - [Fire Suppression: Techniques, Strategies, and Challenges](https://arescuer.com/fire-suppression/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe fire suppression and its importance for firefighters. Explain offensive Vs. defensive firefighting techniques. Describe the Specific fire ground operations and associated hazards of them. Describe the management of specific fire ground operations. 1 Introduction The term “fire suppression” refers to all of the tactics and tasks that are performed on the fire scene to achieve the final goal of extinguishing the fire. Fire suppression can be accomplished through a variety of methods that will stop the combustion process. All these methods involve removal of one of the four ... Read more - [Fire Pump And Hose Line Tactics: Key Operations & Safety](https://arescuer.com/fire-pump-and-hose-line-tactics/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define Pump and its types. Difference between Pump & Compressor. Define Centrifugal Pump and its Working Principal. Elaborate Parts of Centrifugal Pump. Explain the Characteristics of a Centrifugal Pump. Define cavitations and its reasons. Explain the reasons of Pressure losses during Suction. Elaborate the reasons of Pressure & Frictions losses in delivery hose lines. 66.Find the guidelines for reducing Pressure & frictions losses in delivery hose lines. Explain water hammering and its effects. 1. Pump: A pump is a machine, driven by some external power, for transmitting energy to ... Read more - [Water Supply and Fire Hydrants: Types, Design & Maintenance](https://arescuer.com/water-supply-and-fire-hydrants/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the source of water supply system. Define “Fire Hydrant”. Describe the two types of Fire Hydrants. Elaborate Fire Hydrants Design Locations installation, its parameters & Recognition. Describe the Hydrant operation. Describe the inspection and maintenance procedure of Fire Hydrant. Demonstrate fire hydrants operation, inspection and maintenance. 1 Source of Water Supply Rivers Canals Lakes Reservoirs 1.1 Groundwater Supply Water wells drilled into underground aquifers (a body of permeable rock which can contain or transmit groundwater) Water-producing springs 1.2 Direct Pumping Systems Most found in agriculture and industrial settings ... Read more - [Fire Risk Assessment: Essential Guide to Fire Safety & Prevention](https://arescuer.com/fire-risk-assessment/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define key terms Hazard &Risk Describe the Fire Risk Assessment Describe the steps of Fire Risk Assessment 1 Hazard Something with the potential to cause harm. Generally, hazard is classified Mechanical Hazards Non-Mechanical Hazards Crushing Electrical Cutting Fire Entanglement Slip, Trip, Fall Trapping Noise Stabbing Hazardous Substances Abrasion CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear) 2 Risk: Risk is the likelihood that a hazard will cause harm in combination with the severity of damage or loss that might foreseeably occur. RISK =  Likelihood x Consequence ……………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………. 3 Fire Risk Assessment ... Read more - [Building Protection System: Fire Alarm and Suppression System Overview](https://arescuer.com/building-protection-system-fire-alarm-and-suppression-system-overview/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Describe fire alarm and detection system and its components. Enlist types of detectors & fire alarm control panel and also explain them. Describe fire suppression system and its types. Explain working principles and use of suppression systems. 1 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Fire detection and fire alarm components are integrated into a single system. It recognizes, when a fire is occurring and activates the fire alarm system, which alerts the building occupants and, in some cases, the fire department. Some fire detection systems also automatically activate fire suppression ... Read more - [Emergency Fire Services & Fire Rescuer](https://arescuer.com/emergency-fire-service-fire-rescuer/): Emergency Fire Services & Fire Rescuer OBJECTIVES. Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the emergency fire services system and components of emergency fire services. Define fire rescuer. Describe the qualities and responsibilities of fire rescuer, Describe the duties of a fire rescuer. Describe the golden principle of fire fighting. List the Basic Personal Protective Equipment of a Fire Rescuer. 1. Emergency Fire Services System Emergency Fire Services is a network of resources linked together to provide timely and effective fire fighting, search and Rescue service to people in the case of Fire Incidents. 1.2 Components of ... Read more - [Introduction of Ropes Types, Parts & Care of Ropes used in Rescue Operations](https://arescuer.com/ropes/): OBJECTIVES After Reading this chapter you will be able to: Describe ropes. Describe the part of rope according to manufacturing. List the types of ropes according to usage. List the types of ropes according to construction. Describe the care and maintenance of ropes. Ropes Ropes are very important tool for long years ago. It is humane from the start. In daily life, it helps in many ways. A tool that is used in emergency services to save human lives 1.1          Parts of the Rope The part of the rope which is tied with the anchor point is called running rope ... Read more - [Specialized Firefighting Vehicles Overview and Their Operations](https://arescuer.com/specialized-firefighting-vehicles/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define a specialized vehicle. Describe the Aerial Hydraulic Platform & its technical specifications. Describe the Turntable Ladder (L-32) & its technical specifications. Define the Water Bowser Truck & its technical specifications. Demonstrate the operation of specialized fire vehicles. Specialized Vehicle: A specialized vehicle which is used in firefighting at multistory buildings or high rise buildings and rescue operation (to evacuate the people from multistory & high rise buildings). Aerial Hydraulic Platform: The Aerial Hydraulic Platform manufactured on a suitable/appropriate truck chassis. Specifications: Approximate Height: 60 feet. Boom: Telescopic. Rotation: ... Read more - [Confined Space Entry: Hazards and Safety Measures Guide](https://arescuer.com/confined-space-entry/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Define Confined Space Describe Hazards of Confined Space Explain Control measures for Confined Space Entry Describe the Use of Wiser Application 1. Confined Space: Confined space is space that: Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (i.e., tanks, vessels, silos, pits, vaults, or hoppers). Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy. 2. Hazards in Confined Space Toxic Atmosphere Oxygen Deficiency Oxygen Enrichment Flammable or Explosive Atmospheres Excessive Heat Slippery Surface Poor Illumination 3. Control Measures for Confined Space Entry Monitoring: Multi-Gas Detector shall be used for the ... Read more - [Mastering Forcible Entry Techniques: Tools, Safety, and Methods for Doors, Windows, and Walls](https://arescuer.com/forcible-entry-techniques/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Define forcible entry and its need. Describe the forcible entry tools and their general safety while handling. Describe the types of doors and their forcible entry methods. Describe the types of windows and their forcible entry methods. Describe the safely breaching of walls and floors. 1. Forcible Entry: Method to gain access when normal means of entry cannot be used. Requires strength, knowledge, proper techniques, and skill. Use amount of force appropriate to situation. Arrange to secure the opening before leaving the scene. 1.1 Forcible Entry Situation: Required at ... Read more - [Fire Operation Strategies: Size Up and Assessment](https://arescuer.com/fire-operation-strategies-size-up-and-assessment/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Define Size Up. Describe the importance of Size Up. Describe the acronym “COAL WAS WEALTH”. Define Scene Assessment. Describe the role of incident Commander. Describe how to Approach the Fire. Describe the Monitoring of Operations. Describe the Log Down (recording of events) and the Salvage Operations. 1. SIZE-UP: Size-up, Pre-Fire Planning, and Incident Communications: Situation Evaluation. On and off the fire ground. Fire problems. Potential fire problems. Begins with pre-planning. 2. Who does size-up? Incident Commander. Company Officer. Firefighter/lead fire rescuer. 2.1 When do we size-up? Importance of size-up: ... Read more - [Repair and Maintenance: Types, Importance, and Procedures](https://arescuer.com/repair-and-maintenance-types-importance-and-procedures/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define repair and maintenance. List and describe three types of maintenance. Describe the importance of maintenance. How to initiate reporting an R&M problem. Demonstrate the filling of the repair and maintenance book. Demonstrate the maintenance of fire vehicles and equipment. Describe key points taken for the maintenance of the water tank. List the basic requirements for properly storing the various equipment. Repair and Maintenance: Repair: Repair is the act of correcting, fixing, or replacing components of an object to make it function properly. Maintenance: All actions that have the ... Read more - [Glossary (Fire Definitions) - Guide to Fire Safety and Absolute Temperature](https://arescuer.com/glossary-fire-definitions/): Guide to Fire Safety and Temperature Concepts Fire safety and temperature management are essential components of various industries, from construction to chemical processing. This article delves into critical definitions, including Absolute Temperature, a universal temperature scale vital in scientific measurements, and Autoignition Temperature, which highlights the minimum temperature for a material to ignite without external flames. It also explains fire safety essentials such as Compartmentation, Fire Retardants, and Fire Resistance, which are designed to contain and prevent fire spread. By understanding terms like Combustion, Flammability, and Spontaneous Heating, professionals can enhance safety protocols and develop innovative solutions for fire prevention ... Read more - [Infectious Diseases - Signs and Symptoms - Precautions - Immunization](https://arescuer.com/infectious-diseases/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define infectious disease. Describe the two means of transmission of infectious diseases. List eight signs and symptoms of infectious disease. Define Body Substance Isolation (BSI) and list three categories of body substance isolation precautions. List five components of the personal protective equipment (PPE) used during patient assessment and pre-hospital treatment. List recommended immunization for MFR. 1. Infectious Diseases Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by pathogens, microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses that can be transmitted. 1.1 METHODS OF TRANSMISSION Direct contact occurs through contact with bodily fluids, contact through ... Read more - [Complete Building Safety Information Checklist for Inspections](https://arescuer.com/building-safety-information-checklist/): BUILDING INFORMATION FORM Building’s Name: ___________________________________ Owner’s Name: ____________________________________ Address of the building: _____________________________ Contact Numbers: _________________________________ BUILDING INFORMATION 1. Building Type: Commercial Residential Office Shop/Market Warehouse Factory House Others: ________________________ 2. Ownership: Government Private Mixed 3. Structure: Brick masonry Concrete Covered area: ___________ No. of floors: _______ No. of basements: _______ 4. Safety and Utilities: Has the Earthquake factor been accounted for in the design? Yes / No Does your building have basic Electrical Wiring? Yes / No Is your building properly Earthed? Yes / No Does your building have an Electrical Main cut-off switch? Yes / No Does ... Read more - [Patient Assessment Plan: Steps, Phases, and Vital Signs](https://arescuer.com/patient-assessment/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List the five general procedures a medical first responder should complete when arriving at the scene. List the six phases of the patient assessment plan. List the six steps of the initial assessment. Demonstrate a complete physical examination as defined in this lesson. The sections of this lesson constitute the six phases of the ASSESSMENT PLAN. MFR insignia having six corners actually denotes six phases of the patient assessment plan. The Assessment Plan begins with information received on dispatch. 1. Scene Size-up 1.1 Arrival on the Scene When arriving ... Read more - [Signs and Symptoms of Poisoning and Pre-Hospital Treatment](https://arescuer.com/poisoning/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List the signs and symptoms of poisoning, and steps for pre-hospital treatment. List four specific signs and symptoms of ingested poisons. List four specific signs and symptoms of inhaled poisons. List four specific signs and symptoms of absorbed poisons. List the signs and symptoms of injected poisons, including snakebites, and the steps for pre-hospital treatment. List the signs and symptoms for alcohol abuse and the steps for pre-hospital treatment. List the signs and symptoms for drug abuse and the steps for pre-hospital treatment. 1. Poisons Definition: Any substance that ... Read more - [Child Birth Emergencies: Assess the Mother, Deliver Baby & Handle Breech Birth Guide](https://arescuer.com/child-birth-emergencies/): Objectives: List the eight steps to assess the mother. List the seven steps for preparing the mother before the hospital. List the ten steps for delivering a baby. Identify three complications during pregnancy. Identify six complications during delivery. Show how to treat a breech presentation and a wrapped umbilical cord around the neck. Anatomy of Pregnancy Amniotic sac: A sac of fluid in which the fetus develops during pregnancy. Cervix: The neck of the uterus in which the unborn infant passes into the vagina. Fetus: The unborn developing baby in the uterus. Placenta: A disk-shaped organ on the inner lining ... Read more - [Respiratory Distress: Causes, Symptoms, and Pre-Hospital Treatment](https://arescuer.com/respiratory-distress/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define respiratory distress. List seven signs and symptoms of respiratory distress. List five steps for pre-hospital treatment of respiratory distress. List four causes of respiratory distress. Define hyperventilation. List eight signs and symptoms of toxic product inhalation. List five steps for pre-hospital treatment of toxic product inhalation. 1. Respiratory Distress Definition: Shortness of breath or a feeling of air hunger with labored breathing. Respiratory distress affects one’s ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. Respiratory medical emergencies have common signs and symptoms inherent to all types of breathing difficulties. ... Read more - [Medical Emergencies: Myocardial Infarction, Angina, and Treatments](https://arescuer.com/myocardial-infarction-angina/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define a medical emergency. Define myocardial infarction, list nine signs and symptoms, and list eight steps for pre-hospital treatment. Define angina pectoris, list six signs and symptoms, and describe pre-hospital treatment. Define congestive heart failure, list eight signs and symptoms, and four steps for pre-hospital treatment. Define hypertension, list five signs and symptoms and five steps for pre-hospital treatment. List ten signs and symptoms of abdominal pain and list five steps for pre-hospital treatment. 1. Medical Emergency Definition: A critical state caused by a wide variety of illnesses whose ... Read more - [Report Writing and Preparation For Next Call](https://arescuer.com/report-writing-and-preparation-for-next-call/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Demonstrate how to record information about the patient’s condition and treatment given on the prescribed form. List five steps to decontaminate the transport vehicle. List four steps to decontaminate the stretcher. List three steps to decontaminate instruments. List the three items for personal decontamination. 1. Report Writing Documentation is extremely important and may be legally required for patient care rendered by the MFR. A properly completed written report not only provides all the pertinent facts; it also provides them in a logical order. Pre-hospital Treatment Report A pre-hospital treatment ... Read more - [Rescue from Fire Involved Buildings And Rescue Strategies](https://arescuer.com/rescue-from-fire-involved-buildings/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to: Define search and rescue operation. Define search & rescue size-up. Describe risk-benefit analysis. Explain search area safety and safe search principles. Enlist search-and-rescue equipment. Describe types of search. Describe the methods of rescue. 27.1. Search and Rescue Operations: Search and rescue are almost always performed in tandem. “Search looks for victims who need assistance to leave a dangerous area”. “Rescue involves the physical removal of a person from confinement or danger”. Often fire rescuers must take action to confine or control the fire before search and rescue operations can ... Read more - [Emergency Equipments: AED and Emergency Ventilator: Usage, Pads, and Key Steps](https://arescuer.com/emergency-equipments/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define AED. List 02 indications of AED. List 8 P’s of AED check. Describe two types of AED pads. Demonstrate the use of AED. Define ventilator. Define tidal volume. List 15 steps of Ventilator operation. Demonstrate the use of micro ventilator. 1. AED (Automated External Defibrillator) 1.1 Definition An automated external defibrillator that guides the rescuer through voice prompts and visual indicators and maintains a resuscitation sequence between defibrillation and Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation. 1.2 Types of AED These are many types of AED depending on the Weight Size Color ... Read more - [Master Pharmacology: Six Rights, Drug Routes & Emergencies](https://arescuer.com/master-pharmacology/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to overview: Define Pharmacology. List Six Rights of Medication Administration. Describe medical listings. List 05 routes of drug administration. List & Describe 08 classifications of emergency drugs. 1. Pharmacology Definition:  Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their effects on the body. EMTs must have a comprehensive understanding of all medications they might administer. EMTs have to make quick decisions about: When to administer medications What medications to administer When administering certain medications would be harmful to the patient Pharmacology is constantly changing. Stay up to date on the latest ... Read more - [Medical Emergencies: Seizures, Diabetic Crises & CVA Overview](https://arescuer.com/seizures-diabetic-crises/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define seizure. List four steps for the pre-hospital treatment for seizures when arriving while the patient is still having a seizure. List five additional steps for the pre-hospital treatment for seizures to take after the seizure is over. List seven signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia and list three steps for pre-hospital treatment. List nine signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and describe pre-hospital treatment. List nine signs and symptoms of a cerebral-vascular accident (CVA). 1. Seizures Definition: A sudden and temporary change in mental status caused by a massive electrical ... Read more - [Burns and Environmental Emergencies: Complete Care and Treatment Guide](https://arescuer.com/burns-and-environmental-emergencies-complete-care-and-treatment-guide/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define burn and describe the causes of burn. Match the signs and symptoms for each of the three types of burns according to their depth. Apply the “Rule of Nines” to determine the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) burnt on a patient when given a specific part of the body. List three steps for pre-hospital treatment of chemical burns. List three steps for pre-hospital treatment of electrical burns. List three signs and symptoms of heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke and describe pre-hospital treatment for each. List three ... Read more - [Construction Materials, Structures and Damage Types](https://arescuer.com/construction-materials/): Objectives Upon completing this lesson, you will be able to: Define construction materials and classify them by their composition types and uses. List and describe three forces that can affect construction materials List three properties of each material: concrete, steel and wood. Describe two methods of construction. List four types of structures. List at least three characteristics of a building in each of the following four categories: General Architecture Structural elements Non-structural elements List and describe two types of damage in a structure and their potential resulting failures. Name and describe the four basic collapse patterns.   Construction Materials Natural ... Read more - [The Professional Firefighter's Role in Fire Scene Preservation](https://arescuer.com/firefighter-role-in-preserving-fire-scene/): This article has been written to clarify the role and responsibilities of fire suppression personnel, illustrating important considerations in the fire investigation process and explaining the impact of firefighter’s efforts in preserving the fire scene and physical evidence. PRESERVATION OF THE FIRE SCENE AND PHYSICAL EVIDENCE: The responsibility for preserving the fire scene and physical evidence does not lie solely with the fire investigator but with all personnel on the scene especially fire suppression forces. Firefighters should make every attempt to protect and preserve the entire fire scene, intact and undisturbed, and keep the contents, fixtures, and furnishings in their ... Read more - [Anatomical References - Human body Systems - Organs](https://arescuer.com/anatomical-human-body-systems/): This chapter will discuss Anatomical Planes, Extremities and Subdivisions, Positional Terms, Respiratory System, Circulatory System, Digestive System, Urinary System, Female Reproductive System, Male Reproductive System, Nervous System, Endocrine System, Musculoskeletal System, Major areas of the skeleton, Major Types Of Muscle and The Skin with its physical features all in complete detail. Anatomical References / Human Body Systems &  Organs OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define anatomical position. Identify and describe the three anatomical planes. Identify the five regions of the human body. List the five body cavities and the organs they contain. Describe the ... Read more - [What is Difference the Between Fog and Smog?](https://arescuer.com/fog-smog/): Smog  Fog  Haze Vog and Mist are these common words we listen in environmental terms. What is the difference between Mist,  Fog, Smog, Haze, and Vog will be defined below.? What is the Difference Between Fog and Smog? Fog: Fog is condensed water vapor on tinny nuclei or pollutant, thus it is basically a suspended tinny water droplets floating in air. The droplets scatter light equally at all wavelengths and that makes its appearance as white. The nuclei is basically dust but in cities, thousands of other kinds of particles are there. The difference between fog and smog makes it only idea ... Read more - [Fire Fighting Foam and Foam Making Equipment](https://arescuer.com/fire-foam-making-equipment/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe Firefighting foam, composition & contents of foam. List the classification of foam and Foam Fire Extinguisher. Describe the types of foam compounds. Describe the action of foam. Describe the foam equipment & their uses. Describe the foam application techniques. List of SOP for foam operation from fire vehicles (FRV & FTR). In this post, you will find the knowledge about Fire Fighting Foam and all Foam Making Equipment for a professional fire Rescuers. The chemical Action of AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam), Foam Application, Techniques, Equipment, and Foam ... Read more - [Portable Fire Appliances | Fire Extinguishers Types & Installation](https://arescuer.com/portable-fire-appliances/): OBJECTIVES: After the completion of below lesson, you will be able to: Describe the types of fire prevention systems. Define portable fire appliances and their importance. Describe the types and function of portable fire appliances. Elaborate the classification, use and identification of fire extinguishers. Demonstrate the proper use of fire extinguishers. Describe the standard working and testing pressure of fire extinguisher. Elaborate the installation standards of fire extinguishers. Explain the care & maintenance of fire extinguishers. Describe the advantages of portable fire Types of fire prevention: The Fire prevention systems are mainly divided into 2 types which are as under: ... Read more - [Patient Initial Assessment - Vital Signs - Skin Temperature - Blood Pressure](https://arescuer.com/patient-initial-assessment/): Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List the five general procedures a medical first responder should complete when arriving at the scene. List the six phases of the patient assessment plan. List the six steps of the initial assessment. Demonstrate a complete physical examination as defined in this lesson. The sections of this lesson constitute the six phases of the ASSESSMENT PLAN. MFR insignia having six corners actually denotes six phases of the patient assessment plan. The Assessment Plan begins with information received on dispatch. 1. Scene Size-up Conduct a scene size-up as described in Lesson ... Read more - [Water Supply Sources & Distribution System](https://arescuer.com/water-supply/): Objective’s of this topics are: Define water supply. Describe sources of water supply. Describe water distribution system Now we will discuss the Water Supply Sources & Water Distribution System. Temporary, Permanent and Semi permanent water supply. And the complete information about Fire Hydrants, Town Mains, Service Reservoirs, Booster Pumps and Elevated Primate Pump Supplies that are used to maintain the standard of world fire fighting standards. Water Supply: Technology keeps advancing new methods and materials for extinguishing fires but water still remains the primary extinguisher because of its universal abundance and ability to absorb heat. It can be carried to ... Read more - [Management of Injuries to the Skull, Spinal Column, and Chest](https://arescuer.com/skull-spinal-columnchest-injuries/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List five signs and symptoms of a skull fracture. List six signs and symptoms of a spinal injury. List five signs and symptoms of chest injuries. Demonstrate the procedures for the evaluation and pre-hospital treatment of injuries to the skull and spine. Demonstrate the procedures for the evaluation and pre-hospital treatment of rib fractures, flail chest and penetrating chest injuries.   Introduction Emergency medical care is a critical aspect of health services, especially in the context of trauma injuries. This article offers a Basic Medical Course designed to equip ... Read more - [The Incident Definition - Types - Scene Size up - Reporting](https://arescuer.com/incident/): The Incident Definition: An event caused by a natural phenomenon or human activity that requires the intervention of emergency service personnel to prevent or mitigate loss of life and damage to property and the environment. Call for Assistance Information to obtain: Address/location of the incident. Identify the origin of the call (telephone, radio, in-person, etc.) Incident type (what is happening) Victims (quantity and condition). Actions are taken. Response When responding to an incident, the following factors should be considered: Day of the week (traffic, etc.) Time of the day (school, business hours, people at home, etc.) Weather (rain, wind, storms, ... Read more - [Fire Behavior](https://arescuer.com/fire-behavior/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be  able to: Describe the phases of fire and explain each phase of fire. Define the flashover, its characteristics/ symptoms and the preventive measures. Define the phenomenon of Back draft characteristics/ symptoms of Back draft and its preventive measures. Describe the key terms related to “BLEVE”. Define BLEVE Describe the main characteristics of “BLEVE”. List the Safety measures to prevent/ avoid BLEVE. Fire Behavior | Phases of Fire | Flashover | Backdraft | BLEVE 1. Phases of Fire: There are four phases of fire according to Its magnitude and development: 1. Ignition. ... Read more - [Medical Basic Training Course Introduction](https://arescuer.com/medical-training-intro/): Medical Basic Training Course Introduction OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Other participants and the respective organizations they represent, the course coordinator, the instructors and the support staff. The following aspects of the course: Purpose, objectives, evaluation and methodology, materials to be used, course schedule, facilities and ground rules. 1.0 Personal Introductions Instructors, assistants, and support personnel should introduce themselves to the group. The instructor will have the participants introduce themselves or introduce a fellow participant 2.0 Course Materials participants Workbook (WB) Reference Material (RM) 3. Course Purpose and Objective 3.1 Purpose To provide the ... Read more - [Basic Rescue Course Introduction](https://arescuer.com/basic-rescue-course-introduction/): OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this lesson, you will become familiar with: Names and background information of the course instructors, support staff and the other participants. The following aspects of the course that will be covered in this lesson: Expectations Objectives Methodology Testing Materials Logistics Course Overview Getting to Know Each Other Now we will have an exercise so that you may become familiar with the other participants in the course. Participants’ Expectations The purpose of this short exercise is to find out what your expectations of the Basic Rescue Course are – knowledge you hope to gain, skills you hope ... Read more - [Fire Pump & Hose Line Tactics](https://arescuer.com/fire-centrifugal-pump/): After reading this chapter you will be able to describe: Define Pump and its types. Difference between Pump & Compressor. Define Centrifugal Pump and its Working Principal. Elaborate Parts of Centrifugal Pump. Explain Characteristics of Centrifugal Pump. Define cavitations and its reasons. Explain the reasons of Pressure losses during Suction. Elaborate the reasons of Pressure & Frictions losses in delivery hose lines. Find the guidelines for reducing Pressure & frictions losses in delivery hose lines. Explain water hammering and its effects. Pump: A pump is a machine, driven by some external power, for transmitting energy to fluids. This power may ... Read more - [Health Hazard Toxicity and Safe Chemical Storage](https://arescuer.com/safe-chemical-storage/): OBJECTIVES: After Readin this article of this lesson, you will be able to: Define the term toxicity and hazard. Define Permissible Exposure Limit of chemicals. Describe the physical and health hazards of chemicals. Elaborate the route of entry of chemicals. List the measures for the safe storage of chemicals. And Safe Chemical Storage procedure. Classify the chemical emergencies into various classes. Describe the importance of eye/face wash, shower point. Elaborate the safety measures for acid, bases and alkali metals. Toxicity: The ability of a chemical substance to cause harm.  1.2 Hazard: Likelihood that a material will cause harm under the conditions ... Read more - [Chemical Fire | NFPA Diamond | Petrochemicals | MSDS](https://arescuer.com/chemical-fire/): OBJECTIVES: Affter reading this lession and topic completion , you will be able to: Define chemicals, petro-chemicals and Petroleum Products.Chemical Fire Elaborate the term “Material Safety Data Sheet”. Describe the components of Material Safety Data Sheet. Define Reactive Chemicals and Water Reactive Chemicals. Describe the definition and importance of Labeling. Draw the NFPA Diamond & Describe the importance and use of NFPA Diamond. Chemicals: In chemistry, a chemical substance is a form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. It cannot be separated into its components by physical separation methods, i.e. without breaking chemical j bonds.  The ... Read more - [Classification of Fire Extinguishers & Extinguishing Agents](https://arescuer.com/fire-extinguishers/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the Classification of Fire and Extinguishing Agents. Describe the Some Common Extinguishing Agents. Describe the Classification of Fire by Volume. Describe the Portable Fire Extinguishers Color Code. Describe the Method to use of Fire Extinguishers. Describe the Section View of a Fire Extinguisher. All Fire Extinguishers Classification by Color Codes and Volume & Extinguishing Agents Classification of Fire and Extinguishing  Agents: Fire class Status of fire Material of fire Extinguisher Type A Solid combustible Material Wood, Cloth, Rubber, Wool, plastics Water B Flammable liquids Benzene, Oil products, Paints, ... Read more - [Fire Chemistry in Fire Fighting](https://arescuer.com/fire-chemistry/): The Fire Chemistry in Fire Start to End OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define fire (combustion process) and the triangle of fire. Describe the radiation feedback, the chain reaction and fire tetrahedron. Describe the products of fire and their characteristics 1. Definition of Fire: Combustion is a chemical reaction or series of chemical reactions in which fuel combines chemically with an oxidizing agent, as a result of which a sufficient quantity of energy in form of heat, flame and light etc. is released. 1.1. What is Triangle of Fire: According to the law of ... Read more - [Major & Common Causes of Fire](https://arescuer.com/common-causes-of-fire/): Major & Common Causes of Fire in Home Structure and Industries. Upon completion of This lesson, you will be able to: 1. Describe common Causes of Fire. 2. Describe the major Causes of Fire. 3. Describe the causes of home structure fires 4. Describe / elaborate the main causes of fire in industries. 5. Enlist classification of fire causes according to NFPA. You can define Major Common Causes of Fire at Home Industries, commercial Industry and Household fire. Common Causes of Fire: 1.1 Human Factors: Which are the major contribution to fire, have been identified as Carelessness in work. Lack of ... Read more - [Personal Protective Equipment or (PPE)](https://arescuer.com/fire-ppe/): Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) OBJECTIVES: 1. Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: 2. Define personal protective equipment. 3. Describe the types of personal protective equipment. 4. Describe the basic type of personal protective equipment. 5. Describe the advanced type of personal protective equipment. 6. List The Key points to remember while using PPE. 7. Demonstrate the donning and doffing of PPE. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) is defined as ‘all equipment (including clothing affording protection against the weather) which ’ is intended to be worn or held by a person at work and ... Read more - [History of Fire Fighting](https://arescuer.com/history-of-fire-fighting/): History of Fire Fighting OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: a. Describe the History of Fire Fighting. b. Describe the great fires in the History of Fire Fighting. c. Describe the role of Insurance companies in the History of Fire Fighting. d. Name the first metropolitan fire brigade established in the history of Fire Fighting. e. Describe the old era Fire Fighting Tools and Techniques. Fire Fighting History: The Roman emperor Augustus Ceaser is cited with instituting a corp. of fire fighting slaves (600); “Familia Publica” in 24 BC.  Roman emperor Nero established Corps of ... Read more - [Fire Fighting Course Introduction](https://arescuer.com/course-introduction/): Course Introduction of Basic Fire Fighting: OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Names and background information of the instructors, support staff and the other participants. The following aspects of the be covered in this lesson: Expectations. Purpose. Objectives. Methodology. Testing. Materials. Logistics. Course overview. Getting to Know Each Other: Now we will have an exercise so that you may become familiar with the other participants in the course. Participants’ Expectations: The purpose of this exercise is to find out what your expectations of the Fire Safety Course are – knowledge you hope to gain, skills ... Read more - [Musculoskeletal Injuries - Splinting Fractures - Dislocations - Sprains](https://arescuer.com/musculoskeletal-injuries/): Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Define an open fracture and closed fracture, and list four signs and symptoms. Define a dislocation, a sprain, and a strain and list four signs and symptoms. Give two reasons for immobilizing a fracture, a sprain or a strain on a patient. Demonstrate the Pre-hospital treatment of fractures and dislocations of the extremities, hips, and shoulders. Skeletal System The adult skeleton is composed of 206 bones. The human skeleton consists of two main divisions, the axial skeleton, and the appendicular skeleton. Functions of the skeletal system Provides a Shap for ... Read more - [Basic life support (BLS) - (CPR) Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation - FBAO](https://arescuer.com/bls-cpr-fbao/): Upon completion of Basic life support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BLS & CPR) you will learn these major questions: Demonstrate rescue breathing for adults, children, and infants using a mannequin, with and without foreign body airway obstruction. Describe and demonstrate CPR in adults, children, and infants using a mannequin. Describe and demonstrate two-rescuer CPR for adults and infants using a mannequin. List two causes of partial or total upper airway obstruction and demonstrate Pre-hospital management for these. 1. Heart and Lung Function and Anatomy 1.1: The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system consists of the heart (cardiovascular)  lungs (pulmonary), and arteries, veins, ... Read more - [Soft Tissue Injuries - Wounds - Dressings and Bandages](https://arescuer.com/soft-tissue-injuries/): Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List two steps to treat a closed wound. List six steps to treat an open wound. List the steps for pre-hospital treatment for the eye, ear, nose and mouth Soft Tissue Injuries. List the steps for pre-hospital treatment of abdominal and genital injuries. Demonstrate the use of dressings and bandages to control bleeding when given a specific area of the body. Demonstrate the pre-hospital treatment procedures for the following: Impaled object in the eye or cheek Bleeding neck injuries Extruded eyeball Soft Tissue Injuries Definition Soft tissue injuries, commonly referred ... Read more - [Hemorrhage and Shock - Sign & Symptoms - Treatment](https://arescuer.com/hemorrhage-and-shock/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: What is a hemorrhagic shock List three methods of controlling external hemorrhage. List the three steps for pre-hospital treatment for internal hemorrhage. List ten Signs and symptoms of shock. List the five steps for pre-hospital treatment of shock.   What is a hemorrhagic shock? Hemorrhagic shock is a situation of reduced tissue perfusion, resulting in the insufficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients which are essential for cellular function. Whenever cellular oxygen demand outweighs supply, either the cell and the organism are in a state of shock. Review of the ... Read more - [Oxygen Therapy - Indications - O2 Usage - Delivery - Nasal Cannula - CPR mask](https://arescuer.com/oxygen-therapy/): You will learn about these major topics: Name five situations in which the application of oxygen is indicated. List four key pieces of equipment in an oxygen delivery Describe the hazards associated with the delivery of oxygen and list the precautions while delivering oxygen. Describe an oropharyngeal airway, a CPR mask, a bag- valve mask, a nasal cannula and a non-rebreather mask Describe suction, its parts and the care required while using suction equipment. Indications for Oxygen Use Oxygen that is used for medical needs is colorless and non-combustible. The air we breathe contains 21% oxygen. ^ The oxygen used ... Read more - [Emergencies In Fog & Smog condition - Precautionary Measures](https://arescuer.com/emergencies-in-fog-smog-haze/): An apparition of exhaust cloud and fog. Arriving exactly when temperatures started to plunge to pay tribute to winter, it was initially expelled as simply the early onset of winter mist. Be that as it may, winter morning haze offers approach to warm shafts of daylight as the day advances. A week ago, trusts swung to slag when, as morning swung to evening, the “mist” didn’t settle. Indeed, it went up against a through and through outsider look, immersing substantial parts of Punjab in a new chestnut, dusty cloud. You should be very careful when dealing Emergencies In Fog & ... Read more - [EMS & MFR](https://arescuer.com/ems-mfr/): OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the emergency medical services (EMS) system in the area you reside. List six duties and/or responsibilities of the medical first responder (MFR). Define negligence and give an example as it relates to EMS. Define abandonment and give an example as it relates to EMS. Define implied consent and expressed consent. List the five rights of the patient. List the basic equipment for MFR. Emergency Medical Services (EMS ) & Medical First Responder (MFR) 2. The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) System What is your definition of an EMS system? ... Read more ## Pages - [Blog](https://arescuer.com/blog/) - [About Us](https://arescuer.com/about-us/): Our Mission At arescuer.com, we are dedicated to empowering individuals and professionals in the fields of firefighting, medical services, first aid, and rescue operations. Our mission is to provide a comprehensive resource that not only educates but also supports those who are the first responders in critical situations. Who We Are Arescuer.com is a hub created by experts in emergency services. Our team comprises seasoned firefighters, medical professionals, and first aid trainers who have real-world experience in handling emergencies. We understand the challenges and nuances of rescue operations and are committed to sharing our knowledge to foster a safer community. ... Read more - [TERMS OF SERVICE](https://arescuer.com/terms-of-service/): Terms and Policy Welcome to ARescuer.com. By using our website, you agree to comply with and be bound by the following terms and policies. 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